Hyaline Casts
Urine Hyaline Casts are cylindrical structures that can form in the kidneys and be detected in the urine. The presence of hyaline casts in the urine is a nonspecific finding that may occur in healthy individuals or in certain kidney disorders.
iollo markers that associate with Hyaline Casts
Creatinine
Creatinine is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle. Elevated blood creatinine levels are an indicator of kidney dysfunction. Hyaline casts can form in the kidney tubules when plasma proteins leak through the glomerular filtration barrier due to kidney damage or disease.
References
References
Anna Hernández, MD; Ahaana Singh, Lisa Miklush, PhD, RN, CNS; Jillian Dunbar. Hyaline Casts: What Are They, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More. Osmosis (2021). https://www.osmosis.org/answers/hyaline-casts
Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, et al.. The Detection of Hyaline Casts in Patients Without Renal Dysfunction. Frontiers in Medicine (2021). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8751402/
Cystine
Cystinuria is an inherited disorder that causes high levels of cystine in the urine, which can lead to cystine stones in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These stones and crystals can damage kidney tubules and lead to hyaline cast formation.
References
References
Elisa Shikata, Ryosuke Hattori, Mitsuo Hara, Tomohiro Nakayama. The Detection of Hyaline Casts in Patients Without Renal Dysfunction. Nihon University School of Medicine (2021). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8751402/
Anthony J. Bleyer, Stanislav Kmoch. Tamm Horsfall Glycoprotein and Uromodulin: It Is All about the Tubules!. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4702239/
Homocysteine
Elevated homocysteine is a risk factor for cardiovascular and kidney disease. High homocysteine can damage blood vessels and lead to kidney dysfunction, potentially resulting in hyaline cast formation due to glomerular damage allowing proteins into the tubules.
References
References
D. Gurda, L. Handschuh, W. Kotkowiak, H. Jakubowski. Homocysteine: Its Possible Emerging Role in At-Risk Population Groups. Amino Acids (2015). https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/4/1421
Mount Sinai - New York. Urinary casts. Mount Sinai - New York (2023). https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/urinary-casts
Y. M. Smulders, M. Buysschaert, P. E. Wallemacq, M. P. Hermans. Elevated homocysteine levels in type 2 diabetes induce constitutive… Journal of Diabetes Research (2016). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5095649/
Anna Hernández, MD, Ahaana Singh, Lisa Miklush, PhD, RN, CNS, Jillian Dunbar. Hyaline Casts: What Are They, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More. Osmosis (2021). https://www.osmosis.org/answers/hyaline-casts