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hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) is a hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. A positive pregnancy test detects the presence of hCG in the blood or urine.

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iollo markers that associate with hCG: Pregnancy Test*

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Choline

Choline is important for fetal brain development and demand increases during pregnancy. Choline levels may decrease in maternal blood as it is utilized by the growing fetus.
Cleveland Clinic. Pregnancy Test: When To Take, Types & Accuracy - Cleveland Clinic. Cleveland Clinic Health Information (2024). https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/9703-pregnancy-testsS. S. Sreeja, S. Sreeja, S. Sreeja, S. Sreeja, S. Sreeja, S. Sreeja. Salivary Human Chorionic Gonadotropin as a Novel Biomarker … Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences (2019). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6515747/Proov. Proov Check Early Pregnancy Test | 10 HCG Test Strips. Amazon Product Description (2023). https://www.amazon.com/Proov-Check-Pregnancy-Detect-Sooner/dp/B0B4375BZKMarie Caudill, et al.. Choline: Exploring the Growing Science on Its Benefits for Moms … Nutrients (2019). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6722688/

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Docosahexaenoic acid

DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid that is critical for fetal neurological development. Maternal DHA levels decline during pregnancy as stores are depleted. Low DHA is associated with pregnancy complications.
T. Chard. Pregnancy tests: a review. Human Reproduction (1992). https://academic.oup.com/humrep/article-abstract/7/5/701/631514nan. Pregnancy Test hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin). Testing.com (2022). https://www.testing.com/tests/pregnancy-test-hcg/