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Lactate Dehydrogenase
Lactate Dehydrogenase is an enzyme found in many tissues in the body, including the heart, liver, and muscles. High levels of LDH can indicate tissue damage or certain types of cancer.
iollo markers that associate with Lactate Dehydrogenase
Alanine
Alanine is converted to pyruvate which can be reduced to lactate by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Elevated alanine levels may reflect increased LDH activity.References
References
Richard Willstätter, Hans Thierfelder. l-Alanine Determination with Alanine Dehydrogenase. Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft (1904). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780120913046500124Xiaoyu Li, Jianxin Zhang, Yingying Zhang, Jing Wang, Zhongyi Li, Jianxun Qi, Wei Zhang, Xiaohong Wang. Enzymatic characterization of D-lactate dehydrogenase and its application in the clinical detection of alanine aminotransferase activity. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry (2021). https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21655979.2021.1972781ScienceDirect Topics. Alanine Dehydrogenase - an overview. ScienceDirect Topics (nan). https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/alanine-dehydrogenaseKoukourakis MI, Pitiakoudis M, Giatromanolaki A, Tsarouha A, Polychronidis A, Sivridis E, Simopoulos C. A new parameter using serum lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase level is useful for predicting the prognosis of acute liver injury. Cancer Science (2008). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2527551/
Glutamic Acid
Glutamate dehydrogenase, which interconverts glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate, is linked to the activity of lactate dehydrogenase via the citric acid cycle. Elevated glutamate may indirectly reflect increased LDH.References
References
H. Hertz, L. Chen, and M. Chen. “Dysfunctional TCA-Cycle Metabolism in Glutamate Dehydrogenase siRNA Knock down of Astrocytes Affects Glutamate Metabolism Leading to Extensive Accumulation of the Neuroactive Amino Acids Glutamate and Aspartate”. Neurochemical International (2012). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26221781/A. A. Akopian, H. Hertz, and J. W. Phillips. “Expression of the Human Isoform of Glutamate Dehydrogenase, hGDH2, Augments TCA Cycle Capacity and Oxidative Metabolism of Glutamate During Glucose Deprivation in Astrocytes”. Glia (2017). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/glia.23105H. Hertz, L. Chen, and M. Chen. “Glutamate Oxidation in Astrocytes: Roles of Glutamate Dehydrogenase and Aminotransferases”. Journal of Neuroscience Research (2016). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jnr.23908
Lactic acid
Lactic acid (lactate) is the direct product of the reaction catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). High lactate levels directly correlate with increased LDH activity.References
References
Lee, J., Kim, J., Lee, S., & Kim, J.. Association between serum lactate dehydrogenase and frailty among individuals with metabolic syndrome. PLOS ONE (2021). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257473