iollo markers that associate with Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH)
Alanine
Alanine is involved in the heme biosynthesis pathway by providing a carbon skeleton. Reduced alanine availability could limit heme and hemoglobin synthesis, decreasing MCH.References
References
N. P. Kamat, M. A. Kamat. Biochemistry, Heme Synthesis - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf. StatPearls Publishing (2021). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537329/A. Ganz. Iron and hepcidin: a story of recycling and balance. Hematology (2013). https://ashpublications.org/hematology/article/2013/1/1/20722/Iron-and-hepcidin-a-story-of-recycling-and-balance/urlMoro T, Holasek S, Baranyi A, et al.. Branched-chain amino acids are linked with iron metabolism. Annals of Translational Medicine (2020). https://atm.amegroups.org/article/view/57506/html/urlG. Lambert, D. Jaffe, D. H. Wolf. Structure and function of enzymes in heme biosynthesis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics (2011). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895239/
Glutamic Acid
Glutamic acid is a precursor for the heme biosynthesis pathway. Low glutamic acid levels may impair heme production, resulting in decreased hemoglobin content and MCH in red cells.References
References
M. Fernández-Fuertes, M. D. MacLeod, J. A. Woolliams, P. M. van der Aa, J. J. Windig, M. F. Rothschild, A. C. F. M. Beerda, J. F. M. Spoolder. Genome-wide association studies for 30 haematological and blood biochemistry traits in a heavy pig population. Scientific Reports (2019). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-43297-1
Succinic acid
Succinic acid is an intermediate in the heme biosynthesis pathway. Elevated levels may indicate a block in heme synthesis, potentially leading to reduced hemoglobin production and lower MCH.References
References
Detraux D, Caruso M. A critical role for heme synthesis and succinate in the regulation of pluripotent states transitions. NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (2021). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10425175/Detraux D, Caruso M, LF, MF, SM, JM, TA, PR. A critical role for heme synthesis and succinate in the regulation of pluripotent states. eLife (2023). https://elifesciences.org/articles/78546