Prolactin
Prolactin is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates milk production in women. High levels of prolactin can cause symptoms such as irregular periods, infertility, and erectile dysfunction in men.
iollo markers that associate with Prolactin
Dopamine
Dopamine is the primary inhibitor of prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. Decreased dopamine levels or dopamine receptor antagonism leads to increased prolactin secretion.
References
References
Polly Kirsch, Jessica Kunadia, Shruti Shah, Nidhi Agrawal. Metabolic effects of prolactin and the role of dopamine agonists: A review. Endocrine Connections (2022). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562454/
E.M. Wolfe, M.A. Stadel, S.S. Fleshner. Prolactin and dopamine: What is the connection? A Review Article. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology (2008). https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0269216307087148
Nira Ben-Jonathan, Robert Hnasko. Dopamine as a Prolactin (PRL) Inhibitor. Endocrine Reviews (2001). https://academic.oup.com/edrv/article/22/6/724/2424026
Tyrosine
Tyrosine is the amino acid precursor for dopamine synthesis. Changes in tyrosine availability could influence dopamine levels and consequently impact prolactin secretion.
References
References
Mohamed Saleem, Helen Martin, Penelope Coates. Prolactin Biology and Laboratory Measurement: An Update on Physiology and Current Analytical Issues. NCBI (2018). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6069739/
Katalin Kovács, et al.. Serum prolactin as a biomarker for the study of intracerebral dopamine effect in adult patients with phenylketonuria. NCBI (2016). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4864969/
J. W. H. Lee, et al.. Tyrosine administration decreases serum prolactin levels in chronically reserpinized rats by enhancing the synthesis and release of dopamine. Science Direct (1979). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0024320579903941
J. M. Lerant, et al.. Prolactin-Regulated Tyrosine Hydroxylase Activity and Dopamine Synthesis in the Mediobasal Hypothalamus. Endocrinology (1980). https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/146/1/93/2499963
J. W. H. Lee, et al.. Tyrosine administration decreases serum prolactin levels in chronically reserpinized rats by enhancing the synthesis and release of dopamine. Science Direct (1979). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0024320579903941