Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) are antibodies that can be present in autoimmune conditions such as lupus. The presence of ANA can help diagnose these conditions.
Arachidonic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid that can be metabolized into pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Increased levels of arachidonic acid and its inflammatory metabolites may contribute to the production of autoantibodies like ANA in autoimmune conditions.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid that helps regulate inflammation. Reduced DHA levels may promote an inflammatory state that facilitates autoantibody production and positive ANA results.
Fernandes G, Fernandes R, Rao B, Veigas JM, Halade GV. “Docosahexaenoic acid-enriched fish oil attenuates kidney disease and prolongs median and maximal life span of autoimmune MRL/lpr mice”. Lipids in Health and Disease (2010). https://lipidworld.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-511X-9-44
Fernandes G, Fernandes R, Veigas JM, Halade GV. “Omega-3 fatty acid intake suppresses induction of diverse autoantibody specificities in MRL/lpr mice”. Clinical Immunology (2020). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8020726/
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties. Low levels of EPA may be associated with increased inflammation and autoimmunity, potentially contributing to elevated ANA levels.
Huang, X., Zhang, X., Yang, Y., Zhang, J., Li, X., & Zhou, X.. Dietary Supplementation With Eicosapentaenoic Acid Inhibits Plasma Cell Differentiation and Alleviates Lupus Symptoms in Mice. Frontiers in Immunology (2021). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8240640/
