Lipoprotein (a) is a type of lipoprotein that can contribute to the buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries. High levels of Lipoprotein (a) are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.
Arachidonic acid is an omega-6 fatty acid involved in inflammation and oxidative stress, which can promote atherosclerosis. Elevated Lp(a) is also atherogenic and associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk.
Zhang, X., Li, X., Li, J., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, J.. Association of Arachidonic Acid-derived Lipid Mediators with Cardiovascular Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease. Nature Communications (2020). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-65014-z
DHA is an omega-3 fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties that may counteract the pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects of elevated Lp(a). Higher DHA levels are linked to reduced cardiovascular risk.
M. Schneider, A. Jung, A. K. Schäfer, C. B. Räber, B. J. Kahlert, A. Schindler, M. N. Matter, S. R. Bornstein, P. W. Serruys, J. L. Meier, J. J. Schanz, R. M. Nägele. Improved arterial inflammation with high dose omega-3 fatty acids in patients with coronary artery disease. Lipid Journal (2023). https://www.lipidjournal.com/article/S1933-2874%2823%2900249-0/fulltext
J. Oscarsson, E. Hurt-Camejo. Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their mechanisms of action on apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in humans: a review. Lipids in Health and Disease (2017). https://lipidworld.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12944-017-0541-3
S. J. A. van der Meer, M. J. J. M. Coelingh Bennink, J. J. G. M. Verschuren, J. W. Jukema, J. C. M. Witteman, A. M. C. van der Lugt, J. T. F. M. van der Schouw, M. C. Verhoeven. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on tissue targeting and metabolism of lipoproteins in humans. Atherosclerosis (2006). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S095232780600086X
EPA is an anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acid that may help reduce Lp(a) levels and mitigate the atherogenic effects of Lp(a). Higher EPA levels are associated with lower cardiovascular risk.
Mori, T., et al.. The long-term effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) and other lipid levels in patients with vascular disease. Atherosclerosis (1997). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9225217/
