> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://markers.iollo.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries. Low levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

## iollo markers that associate with High-density lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol

### Arachidonic acid

Arachidonic acid can be incorporated into phospholipids in HDL particles and may influence HDL remodeling and function.

<Accordion title="References">
  Demetz, D., et al.. Arachidonic acid pathway regulates cholesterol homeostasis. *Nature* (2014). [https://www.nature.com/articles/nrendo.2014.195](https://www.nature.com/articles/nrendo.2014.195)

  Demetz, D., et al.. The Arachidonic Acid Metabolome Serves as a Conserved Regulator of Cholesterol Homeostasis. *PLOS ONE* (2014). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232508/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232508/)

  Zhang, Y., et al.. Arachidonic acid is associated with dyslipidemia and cholesterol-related lipoprotein metabolism signatures. *NCBI* (2022). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9760855/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9760855/)

  Kuz'mina, E.V., et al.. Blood Arachidonic Acid and HDL Cholesterol Influence the Phagocytic Activity of Monocytes. *Biochemistry (Moscow)* (2010). [https://karger.com/anm/article-abstract/57/2/143/41713/Blood-Arachidonic-Acid-and-HDL-Cholesterol?redirectedFrom=fulltext](https://karger.com/anm/article-abstract/57/2/143/41713/Blood-Arachidonic-Acid-and-HDL-Cholesterol?redirectedFrom=fulltext)
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### Lysophosphatidylcholine a C18:1

Lysophosphatidylcholine a C18:1 is derived from phosphatidylcholine and is associated with HDL metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport.

<Accordion title="References">
  Wang T, Hu FB, Sun Q, van Dam RM, Hu FB. Altered Plasma Amino Acids and Lipids Associated With Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Humans. *Diabetes Care* (2018). [https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/7/1415/url](https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/7/1415/url)
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### Lysophosphatidylcholine a C18:2

Lysophosphatidylcholine a C18:2 is derived from phosphatidylcholine and is associated with HDL metabolism and reverse cholesterol transport.

<Accordion title="References">
  Koch, S., et al.. "Metabolomic examination of serum from patients with a Fontan circulation reveals altered cholesterol and lipoprotein values". *Journal of Lipid Research* (2020). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7222265/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7222265/)

  Zhang, X., et al.. "Identification of candidate metabolite biomarkers for metabolic syndrome". *Journal of Proteome Research* (2023). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10276453/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10276453/)

  Chung, B.H., et al.. "Lysophosphatidylcholine Promotes Cholesterol Efflux From Mouse Macrophages". *Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology* (2001). [https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.atv.17.7.1258](https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/01.atv.17.7.1258)
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### Phosphatidylcholine ae C36:5

Phosphatidylcholine ae C36:5 is a phospholipid component of HDL particles. Higher levels are associated with increased HDL cholesterol.

<Accordion title="References">
  A. Kontush, M.J. Chapman, W. Guo, O. Finucane, A. McMorrow, et al.. High Density Lipoproteins: Metabolism, Function, and Therapeutic Potential. *Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine* (2020). [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00039/full](https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00039/full)

  S.M. Hwang, S.J. Cho, S.Y. Kim, et al.. Altered Plasma Amino Acids and Lipids Associated With Abnormal Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Resistance. *Nutrients* (2018). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6126893/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6126893/)

  J.Y. Park, J.H. Lee, H.J. Kim, et al.. Association between pre-diagnostic circulating lipid metabolites and risk of colorectal cancer. *The Lancet EBioMedicine* (2024). [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964%2824%2900059-8/fulltext](https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964%2824%2900059-8/fulltext)
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### Phosphatidylcholine ae C38:6

Phosphatidylcholine ae C38:6 is a phospholipid component of HDL particles. Higher levels are associated with increased HDL cholesterol.

<Accordion title="References">
  K. Fischer, A. Welters, H. Boeing, et al.. "Serum metabolites and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke: a prospective nested case-control study in the EPIC-Potsdam cohort". *European Journal of Preventive Cardiology* (2017). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/44849607](https://www.jstor.org/stable/44849607)
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